Forests

The forests of North Karelia are primarily boreal, forming part of the expansive Taiga biome, also known as the “lungs of the north.” These woodlands are dominated by towering Scots pines, Norway spruces, and silver birches, creating a rich mosaic of evergreen and deciduous trees. The understory is alive with mosses, lichens, bilberries, lingonberries, and mushrooms, offering an enchanting atmosphere year-round.

• Old-Growth Forests: Some areas are preserved in their natural state, with ancient trees, fallen logs, and an untouched wilderness feel, ideal for hikers seeking a raw connection with nature.
• Four-Seasons Charm: In spring and summer, the forest floor is carpeted with wildflowers, while autumn transforms it into a fiery spectacle of orange and gold. Winter brings serene snowy landscapes, perfect for snowshoeing or skiing.

Lakes and Rivers

North Karelia is part of the Finnish Lakeland, home to a stunning network of pristine waterways.

• Lakes: The region boasts hundreds of glacial lakes, including Pielinen, one of Finland’s largest lakes, which mirrors the sky and surrounding forests. These lakes are clean, often dotted with small, uninhabited islands that can be explored by canoe or kayak.
• Rivers and Streams: Meandering rivers like the Lieksanjoki or Jongunjoki offer opportunities for fishing, rafting, or simply basking in their tranquil beauty. Many are surrounded by lush vegetation and serve as wildlife corridors.
• Bog Lakes: Small, mirror-like lakes nestled in peat bogs provide a serene and mysterious setting, often bordered by stunted pines and vibrant mosses.

Bogs and Wetlands

North Karelia’s bogs are a critical part of its ecosystem, offering a unique landscape rich in biodiversity.

• Aapa Bogs and Raised Bogs: These wetlands are alive with carnivorous plants like sundews, rare orchids, and cloudberries. The bogs change character with the seasons—lush and green in summer, golden in autumn, and frosty white in winter.
• Birdwatcher’s Paradise: Bogs are vital habitats for migratory birds like cranes, swans, and waders, making them perfect spots for birdwatching.

Wildlife

North Karelia is renowned for its extraordinary wildlife, supported by the low human population density and vast protected areas.

• Mammals: The region is home to Finland’s iconic large predators, including brown bears, wolves, and lynxes, which roam freely in the forests. Other mammals include moose, wild reindeer, red foxes, otter, weasels, etc.
• Birds: Over 300 bird species can be found here, including majestic golden eagles, capercaillies, and black woodpeckers. In spring and summer, migratory birds flock to the area, adding to the symphony of sounds in the wild.
• Rare Species: The Saimaa ringed seal, one of the world’s rarest seals, can sometimes be spotted in the lake systems further south.
• Aquatic Life: The lakes and rivers teem with fish, including pike, perch, pikeperch, vendace and trout, making the area a haven for fishing enthusiasts.

National Parks and Protected Areas

North Karelia is home to several national parks and nature reserves that showcase its diverse landscapes.

• Koli National Park: Known for its iconic landscapes, Koli offers breathtaking views from Ukko-Koli hill and features well-maintained trails through forests, along cliffs, and beside lakeshores.
• Patvinsuo National Park: This park highlights the region’s wetlands and is ideal for spotting wildlife, including bears and bird species. Its bog trails are accessible for visitors of all fitness levels.
• Protected Areas: Numerous smaller reserves and Natura 2000 sites protect critical habitats for rare and endangered species.